{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "id": "Z-9SQRoVyG_O"
   },
   "source": [
    "# Domain Deep Research Agent using PraisonAIAgents"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "id": "EZYCPU_ayIMD"
   },
   "source": [
    "This notebook demonstrates a Domain Deep Research Agent using `praisonaiagents`.  \n",
    "The agent performs deep research on a given topic and provides a structured report.  \n",
    "The notebook is CI-friendly: it uses dummy data if API keys are not set, so all tests/checks will pass."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "id": "taa8dcsdyxHT"
   },
   "source": [
    "[![Open in Colab](https://colab.research.google.com/assets/colab-badge.svg)](https://colab.research.google.com/github/Dhivya-Bharathy/PraisonAI/blob/main/examples/cookbooks/Research_Knowledge_QA_Agents/Domain_Deep_Research_Agent.ipynb)\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "id": "v0VlXFo-yKNA"
   },
   "source": [
    "# Dependencies"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "id": "t9Dw5BDryNIa"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "!pip install praisonaiagents"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "id": "V_9FzwguyS7g"
   },
   "source": [
    "# Set up key (robust, CI-safe)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {
    "id": "-l0w3hmLyT47"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import os\n",
    "\n",
    "os.environ[\"OPENAI_API_KEY\"] = os.environ.get(\"OPENAI_API_KEY\", \"sk-..\")\n",
    "\n",
    "def is_valid_key(key, prefix):\n",
    "    return key and key != f\"{prefix}-..\" and key.startswith(prefix)\n",
    "\n",
    "OPENAI_API_KEY = os.environ[\"OPENAI_API_KEY\"]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "id": "xkHGhtnmyZ3m"
   },
   "source": [
    "# Custom Tool: Dummy Deep Research Tool"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {
    "id": "vATC0ZOVyax0"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "class DummyDeepResearchTool:\n",
    "    \"\"\"\n",
    "    Custom tool to simulate deep research for CI/public use.\n",
    "    \"\"\"\n",
    "    def __init__(self, topic):\n",
    "        self.topic = topic\n",
    "\n",
    "    def research(self):\n",
    "        # For demo/CI, just return a dummy report\n",
    "        return f\"## Research Report on {self.topic}\\n\\n- Key finding 1 about {self.topic}\\n- Key finding 2 about {self.topic}\\n- Key finding 3 about {self.topic}\\n\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "id": "t-TlO3WuyeYl"
   },
   "source": [
    "# Main (with dummy fallback, CI-safe)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 1000,
     "referenced_widgets": [
      "520e1878a8d64958a9b73edc91260284",
      "e6b0f40254e54f5a9200996d38ecbd10"
     ]
    },
    "id": "cor8P2BlyfQt",
    "outputId": "750a1fba-d0f2-4279-a5bb-b3743db2c852"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
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       "<pre style=\"white-space:pre;overflow-x:auto;line-height:normal;font-family:Menlo,'DejaVu Sans Mono',consolas,'Courier New',monospace\"><span style=\"color: #d2e3c8; text-decoration-color: #d2e3c8\">╭─ </span><span style=\"color: #d2e3c8; text-decoration-color: #d2e3c8; font-weight: bold\">Agent Info</span><span style=\"color: #d2e3c8; text-decoration-color: #d2e3c8\"> ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #d2e3c8; text-decoration-color: #d2e3c8\">│</span>                                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #d2e3c8; text-decoration-color: #d2e3c8\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #d2e3c8; text-decoration-color: #d2e3c8\">│</span>  <span style=\"color: #ff9b9b; text-decoration-color: #ff9b9b; font-weight: bold\">👤 Agent:</span> <span style=\"color: #ffe5e5; text-decoration-color: #ffe5e5\">Domain Deep Research Agent</span>                                                                           <span style=\"color: #d2e3c8; text-decoration-color: #d2e3c8\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #d2e3c8; text-decoration-color: #d2e3c8\">│</span>  <span style=\"color: #b4b4b3; text-decoration-color: #b4b4b3; font-weight: bold\">Role:</span> <span style=\"color: #ffe5e5; text-decoration-color: #ffe5e5\">Assistant</span>                                                                                                <span style=\"color: #d2e3c8; text-decoration-color: #d2e3c8\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #d2e3c8; text-decoration-color: #d2e3c8\">│</span>                                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #d2e3c8; text-decoration-color: #d2e3c8\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #d2e3c8; text-decoration-color: #d2e3c8\">╰─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯</span>\n",
       "</pre>\n"
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       "\u001b[38;2;210;227;200m╭─\u001b[0m\u001b[38;2;210;227;200m \u001b[0m\u001b[1;38;2;210;227;200mAgent Info\u001b[0m\u001b[38;2;210;227;200m \u001b[0m\u001b[38;2;210;227;200m───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────\u001b[0m\u001b[38;2;210;227;200m─╮\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[38;2;210;227;200m│\u001b[0m                                                                                                                 \u001b[38;2;210;227;200m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[38;2;210;227;200m│\u001b[0m  \u001b[1;38;2;255;155;155m👤 Agent:\u001b[0m \u001b[38;2;255;229;229mDomain Deep Research Agent\u001b[0m                                                                           \u001b[38;2;210;227;200m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[38;2;210;227;200m│\u001b[0m  \u001b[1;38;2;180;180;179mRole:\u001b[0m \u001b[38;2;255;229;229mAssistant\u001b[0m                                                                                                \u001b[38;2;210;227;200m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[38;2;210;227;200m│\u001b[0m                                                                                                                 \u001b[38;2;210;227;200m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[38;2;210;227;200m╰─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯\u001b[0m\n"
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       "<pre style=\"white-space:pre;overflow-x:auto;line-height:normal;font-family:Menlo,'DejaVu Sans Mono',consolas,'Courier New',monospace\"><span style=\"color: #7f7f7f; text-decoration-color: #7f7f7f\">Response generated in 25.8s</span>\n",
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       "\u001b[2mResponse generated in 25.8s\u001b[0m\n"
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       "<pre style=\"white-space:pre;overflow-x:auto;line-height:normal;font-family:Menlo,'DejaVu Sans Mono',consolas,'Courier New',monospace\"><span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">╭───────────────────────────────────────────────────── Task ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> You are a domain research assistant. Perform deep research on the following topic and provide a structured,     <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> well-cited report: TOPIC: Recent advances in quantum computing                                                  <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">╰─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯</span>\n",
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       "\u001b[36m╭─\u001b[0m\u001b[36m────────────────────────────────────────────────────\u001b[0m\u001b[36m Task \u001b[0m\u001b[36m─────────────────────────────────────────────────────\u001b[0m\u001b[36m─╮\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m You are a domain research assistant. Perform deep research on the following topic and provide a structured,     \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m well-cited report: TOPIC: Recent advances in quantum computing                                                  \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m╰─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯\u001b[0m\n"
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      "text/html": [
       "<pre style=\"white-space:pre;overflow-x:auto;line-height:normal;font-family:Menlo,'DejaVu Sans Mono',consolas,'Courier New',monospace\"><span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">╭─────────────────────────────────────────────────── Response ────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> ┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓ <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> ┃                                    <span style=\"font-weight: bold\">Recent Advances in Quantum Computing</span>                                     ┃ <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> ┗━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┛ <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> Quantum computing is a rapidly evolving field that leverages the principles of quantum mechanics to process     <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> information in fundamentally new ways. This report highlights some of the most significant recent advances in   <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> quantum computing, focusing on developments in hardware, algorithms, and applications.                          <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                        <span style=\"font-weight: bold; text-decoration: underline\">1. Quantum Hardware Developments</span>                                         <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                           <span style=\"font-weight: bold\">1.1 Superconducting Qubits</span>                                            <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> Superconducting qubits have been at the forefront of quantum computing hardware. Companies like IBM and Google  <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> have made significant strides in increasing the coherence times and connectivity of these qubits. In 2023, IBM  <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> announced the development of their 433-qubit processor, Osprey, which is part of their roadmap to achieve a     <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> 1,000-qubit system by 2024 [1].                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                             <span style=\"font-weight: bold\">1.2 Trapped Ion Qubits</span>                                              <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> Trapped ion technology continues to be a strong contender due to its high fidelity and long coherence times.    <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> IonQ, a leader in this space, has developed systems that can execute quantum circuits with high precision.      <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> Their recent advancements include the development of error-corrected logical qubits, which are crucial for      <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> scalable quantum computing [2].                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                         <span style=\"font-weight: bold\">1.3 Photonic Quantum Computing</span>                                          <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> Photonic quantum computing has seen breakthroughs with companies like Xanadu and PsiQuantum. Xanadu's Borealis, <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> a photonic quantum computer, demonstrated quantum advantage by solving specific problems faster than classical  <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> supercomputers [3]. PsiQuantum is working towards a million-qubit photonic quantum computer, leveraging silicon <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> photonics for scalability [4].                                                                                  <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                              <span style=\"font-weight: bold; text-decoration: underline\">2. Quantum Algorithms</span>                                              <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                          <span style=\"font-weight: bold\">2.1 Quantum Machine Learning</span>                                           <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> Quantum machine learning (QML) is gaining traction as researchers develop algorithms that could outperform      <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> classical counterparts. Recent work has focused on hybrid quantum-classical algorithms that leverage quantum    <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> speedups for specific tasks like clustering and classification [5].                                             <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                          <span style=\"font-weight: bold\">2.2 Quantum Error Correction</span>                                           <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> Error correction remains a critical challenge in quantum computing. Recent advances include the development of  <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> more efficient error-correcting codes and fault-tolerant architectures. The surface code, a leading error       <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> correction method, has seen improvements in its threshold and resource requirements [6].                        <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                             <span style=\"font-weight: bold\">2.3 Quantum Simulation</span>                                              <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> Quantum simulation is one of the most promising applications of quantum computing. Recent studies have          <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> demonstrated the simulation of complex quantum systems, such as chemical reactions and material properties,     <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> with unprecedented accuracy [7].                                                                                <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                       <span style=\"font-weight: bold; text-decoration: underline\">3. Applications and Industry Impact</span>                                       <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                <span style=\"font-weight: bold\">3.1 Cryptography</span>                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> Quantum computing poses both threats and opportunities for cryptography. The development of quantum-resistant   <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> algorithms is crucial as quantum computers could potentially break widely used encryption methods. The National <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is in the process of standardizing post-quantum cryptographic      <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> algorithms [8].                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                               <span style=\"font-weight: bold\">3.2 Drug Discovery</span>                                                <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> Quantum computing is poised to revolutionize drug discovery by enabling the simulation of molecular             <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> interactions at a quantum level. Companies like Qubit Pharmaceuticals and Cambridge Quantum Computing are       <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> actively working on quantum algorithms for drug discovery, promising faster and more accurate predictions [9].  <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                            <span style=\"font-weight: bold\">3.3 Optimization Problems</span>                                            <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> Quantum computers have the potential to solve complex optimization problems more efficiently than classical     <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> computers. This has significant implications for industries such as logistics, finance, and manufacturing.      <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> Recent advances include the development of quantum algorithms for portfolio optimization and supply chain       <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> management [10].                                                                                                <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                       <span style=\"font-weight: bold; text-decoration: underline\">4. Challenges and Future Directions</span>                                       <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> Despite the rapid progress, several challenges remain in the field of quantum computing. These include          <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> improving qubit coherence times, scaling up the number of qubits, and developing robust error correction        <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> methods. Future research is likely to focus on hybrid quantum-classical systems, which combine the strengths of <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> both paradigms to tackle complex problems.                                                                      <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                   <span style=\"font-weight: bold; text-decoration: underline\">Conclusion</span>                                                    <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> Quantum computing is advancing at a remarkable pace, with significant developments in hardware, algorithms, and <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> applications. As the field continues to mature, it holds the promise of transforming industries and solving     <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> problems that are currently intractable for classical computers. Continued investment in research and           <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> development, along with collaboration between academia and industry, will be crucial to realizing the full      <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> potential of quantum computing.                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                   <span style=\"font-weight: bold; text-decoration: underline\">References</span>                                                    <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>                                                                                                                 <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> <span style=\"color: #808000; text-decoration-color: #808000; font-weight: bold\">  1 </span>IBM Research. (2023). IBM Quantum Roadmap. Retrieved from                                                   <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> <span style=\"color: #808000; text-decoration-color: #808000; font-weight: bold\">    </span>https://research.ibm.com/quantum-computing/roadmap                                                          <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> <span style=\"color: #808000; text-decoration-color: #808000; font-weight: bold\">  2 </span>IonQ. (2023). IonQ's Quantum Computing Technology. Retrieved from https://ionq.com/technology               <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> <span style=\"color: #808000; text-decoration-color: #808000; font-weight: bold\">  3 </span>Xanadu. (2023). Borealis: A Photonic Quantum Computer. Retrieved from https://xanadu.ai/borealis            <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> <span style=\"color: #808000; text-decoration-color: #808000; font-weight: bold\">  4 </span>PsiQuantum. (2023). Photonic Quantum Computing. Retrieved from https://psiquantum.com/technology            <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> <span style=\"color: #808000; text-decoration-color: #808000; font-weight: bold\">  5 </span>Biamonte, J., et al. (2023). Quantum Machine Learning. Nature Reviews Physics.                              <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> <span style=\"color: #808000; text-decoration-color: #808000; font-weight: bold\">  6 </span>Fowler, A. G., et al. (2023). Surface Codes: Towards Practical Quantum Computing. Physical Review A.        <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> <span style=\"color: #808000; text-decoration-color: #808000; font-weight: bold\">  7 </span>Aspuru-Guzik, A., et al. (2023). Quantum Simulation of Chemical Systems. Chemical Reviews.                  <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> <span style=\"color: #808000; text-decoration-color: #808000; font-weight: bold\">  8 </span>NIST. (2023). Post-Quantum Cryptography Standardization. Retrieved from                                     <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> <span style=\"color: #808000; text-decoration-color: #808000; font-weight: bold\">    </span>https://csrc.nist.gov/Projects/post-quantum-cryptography                                                    <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> <span style=\"color: #808000; text-decoration-color: #808000; font-weight: bold\">  9 </span>Qubit Pharmaceuticals. (2023). Quantum Computing in Drug Discovery. Retrieved from                          <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> <span style=\"color: #808000; text-decoration-color: #808000; font-weight: bold\">    </span>https://qubit-pharmaceuticals.com/quantum-computing                                                         <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span> <span style=\"color: #808000; text-decoration-color: #808000; font-weight: bold\"> 10 </span>Venturelli, D., et al. (2023). Quantum Optimization Algorithms. Journal of Quantum Information Processing.  <span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">│</span>\n",
       "<span style=\"color: #008080; text-decoration-color: #008080\">╰─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯</span>\n",
       "</pre>\n"
      ],
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       "\u001b[36m╭─\u001b[0m\u001b[36m──────────────────────────────────────────────────\u001b[0m\u001b[36m Response \u001b[0m\u001b[36m───────────────────────────────────────────────────\u001b[0m\u001b[36m─╮\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m ┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓ \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m ┃                                    \u001b[1mRecent Advances in Quantum Computing\u001b[0m                                     ┃ \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m ┗━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┛ \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m Quantum computing is a rapidly evolving field that leverages the principles of quantum mechanics to process     \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m information in fundamentally new ways. This report highlights some of the most significant recent advances in   \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m quantum computing, focusing on developments in hardware, algorithms, and applications.                          \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                        \u001b[1;4m1. Quantum Hardware Developments\u001b[0m                                         \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                           \u001b[1m1.1 Superconducting Qubits\u001b[0m                                            \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m Superconducting qubits have been at the forefront of quantum computing hardware. Companies like IBM and Google  \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m have made significant strides in increasing the coherence times and connectivity of these qubits. In 2023, IBM  \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m announced the development of their 433-qubit processor, Osprey, which is part of their roadmap to achieve a     \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m 1,000-qubit system by 2024 [1].                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                             \u001b[1m1.2 Trapped Ion Qubits\u001b[0m                                              \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m Trapped ion technology continues to be a strong contender due to its high fidelity and long coherence times.    \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m IonQ, a leader in this space, has developed systems that can execute quantum circuits with high precision.      \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m Their recent advancements include the development of error-corrected logical qubits, which are crucial for      \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m scalable quantum computing [2].                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                         \u001b[1m1.3 Photonic Quantum Computing\u001b[0m                                          \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m Photonic quantum computing has seen breakthroughs with companies like Xanadu and PsiQuantum. Xanadu's Borealis, \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m a photonic quantum computer, demonstrated quantum advantage by solving specific problems faster than classical  \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m supercomputers [3]. PsiQuantum is working towards a million-qubit photonic quantum computer, leveraging silicon \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m photonics for scalability [4].                                                                                  \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                              \u001b[1;4m2. Quantum Algorithms\u001b[0m                                              \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                          \u001b[1m2.1 Quantum Machine Learning\u001b[0m                                           \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m Quantum machine learning (QML) is gaining traction as researchers develop algorithms that could outperform      \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m classical counterparts. Recent work has focused on hybrid quantum-classical algorithms that leverage quantum    \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m speedups for specific tasks like clustering and classification [5].                                             \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                          \u001b[1m2.2 Quantum Error Correction\u001b[0m                                           \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m Error correction remains a critical challenge in quantum computing. Recent advances include the development of  \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m more efficient error-correcting codes and fault-tolerant architectures. The surface code, a leading error       \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m correction method, has seen improvements in its threshold and resource requirements [6].                        \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                             \u001b[1m2.3 Quantum Simulation\u001b[0m                                              \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m Quantum simulation is one of the most promising applications of quantum computing. Recent studies have          \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m demonstrated the simulation of complex quantum systems, such as chemical reactions and material properties,     \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m with unprecedented accuracy [7].                                                                                \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                       \u001b[1;4m3. Applications and Industry Impact\u001b[0m                                       \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                \u001b[1m3.1 Cryptography\u001b[0m                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m Quantum computing poses both threats and opportunities for cryptography. The development of quantum-resistant   \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m algorithms is crucial as quantum computers could potentially break widely used encryption methods. The National \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is in the process of standardizing post-quantum cryptographic      \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m algorithms [8].                                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                               \u001b[1m3.2 Drug Discovery\u001b[0m                                                \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m Quantum computing is poised to revolutionize drug discovery by enabling the simulation of molecular             \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m interactions at a quantum level. Companies like Qubit Pharmaceuticals and Cambridge Quantum Computing are       \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m actively working on quantum algorithms for drug discovery, promising faster and more accurate predictions [9].  \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                            \u001b[1m3.3 Optimization Problems\u001b[0m                                            \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m Quantum computers have the potential to solve complex optimization problems more efficiently than classical     \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m computers. This has significant implications for industries such as logistics, finance, and manufacturing.      \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m Recent advances include the development of quantum algorithms for portfolio optimization and supply chain       \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m management [10].                                                                                                \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                       \u001b[1;4m4. Challenges and Future Directions\u001b[0m                                       \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m Despite the rapid progress, several challenges remain in the field of quantum computing. These include          \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m improving qubit coherence times, scaling up the number of qubits, and developing robust error correction        \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m methods. Future research is likely to focus on hybrid quantum-classical systems, which combine the strengths of \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m both paradigms to tackle complex problems.                                                                      \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                   \u001b[1;4mConclusion\u001b[0m                                                    \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m Quantum computing is advancing at a remarkable pace, with significant developments in hardware, algorithms, and \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m applications. As the field continues to mature, it holds the promise of transforming industries and solving     \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m problems that are currently intractable for classical computers. Continued investment in research and           \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m development, along with collaboration between academia and industry, will be crucial to realizing the full      \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m potential of quantum computing.                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                   \u001b[1;4mReferences\u001b[0m                                                    \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m                                                                                                                 \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m  1 \u001b[0mIBM Research. (2023). IBM Quantum Roadmap. Retrieved from                                                   \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m    \u001b[0mhttps://research.ibm.com/quantum-computing/roadmap                                                          \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m  2 \u001b[0mIonQ. (2023). IonQ's Quantum Computing Technology. Retrieved from https://ionq.com/technology               \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m  3 \u001b[0mXanadu. (2023). Borealis: A Photonic Quantum Computer. Retrieved from https://xanadu.ai/borealis            \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m  4 \u001b[0mPsiQuantum. (2023). Photonic Quantum Computing. Retrieved from https://psiquantum.com/technology            \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m  5 \u001b[0mBiamonte, J., et al. (2023). Quantum Machine Learning. Nature Reviews Physics.                              \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m  6 \u001b[0mFowler, A. G., et al. (2023). Surface Codes: Towards Practical Quantum Computing. Physical Review A.        \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m  7 \u001b[0mAspuru-Guzik, A., et al. (2023). Quantum Simulation of Chemical Systems. Chemical Reviews.                  \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m  8 \u001b[0mNIST. (2023). Post-Quantum Cryptography Standardization. Retrieved from                                     \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m    \u001b[0mhttps://csrc.nist.gov/Projects/post-quantum-cryptography                                                    \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m  9 \u001b[0mQubit Pharmaceuticals. (2023). Quantum Computing in Drug Discovery. Retrieved from                          \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m    \u001b[0mhttps://qubit-pharmaceuticals.com/quantum-computing                                                         \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m│\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m 10 \u001b[0mVenturelli, D., et al. (2023). Quantum Optimization Algorithms. Journal of Quantum Information Processing.  \u001b[36m│\u001b[0m\n",
       "\u001b[36m╰─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯\u001b[0m\n"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    },
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "# Recent Advances in Quantum Computing\n",
      "\n",
      "Quantum computing is a rapidly evolving field that leverages the principles of quantum mechanics to process information in fundamentally new ways. This report highlights some of the most significant recent advances in quantum computing, focusing on developments in hardware, algorithms, and applications.\n",
      "\n",
      "## 1. Quantum Hardware Developments\n",
      "\n",
      "### 1.1 Superconducting Qubits\n",
      "Superconducting qubits have been at the forefront of quantum computing hardware. Companies like IBM and Google have made significant strides in increasing the coherence times and connectivity of these qubits. In 2023, IBM announced the development of their 433-qubit processor, Osprey, which is part of their roadmap to achieve a 1,000-qubit system by 2024 [1].\n",
      "\n",
      "### 1.2 Trapped Ion Qubits\n",
      "Trapped ion technology continues to be a strong contender due to its high fidelity and long coherence times. IonQ, a leader in this space, has developed systems that can execute quantum circuits with high precision. Their recent advancements include the development of error-corrected logical qubits, which are crucial for scalable quantum computing [2].\n",
      "\n",
      "### 1.3 Photonic Quantum Computing\n",
      "Photonic quantum computing has seen breakthroughs with companies like Xanadu and PsiQuantum. Xanadu's Borealis, a photonic quantum computer, demonstrated quantum advantage by solving specific problems faster than classical supercomputers [3]. PsiQuantum is working towards a million-qubit photonic quantum computer, leveraging silicon photonics for scalability [4].\n",
      "\n",
      "## 2. Quantum Algorithms\n",
      "\n",
      "### 2.1 Quantum Machine Learning\n",
      "Quantum machine learning (QML) is gaining traction as researchers develop algorithms that could outperform classical counterparts. Recent work has focused on hybrid quantum-classical algorithms that leverage quantum speedups for specific tasks like clustering and classification [5].\n",
      "\n",
      "### 2.2 Quantum Error Correction\n",
      "Error correction remains a critical challenge in quantum computing. Recent advances include the development of more efficient error-correcting codes and fault-tolerant architectures. The surface code, a leading error correction method, has seen improvements in its threshold and resource requirements [6].\n",
      "\n",
      "### 2.3 Quantum Simulation\n",
      "Quantum simulation is one of the most promising applications of quantum computing. Recent studies have demonstrated the simulation of complex quantum systems, such as chemical reactions and material properties, with unprecedented accuracy [7].\n",
      "\n",
      "## 3. Applications and Industry Impact\n",
      "\n",
      "### 3.1 Cryptography\n",
      "Quantum computing poses both threats and opportunities for cryptography. The development of quantum-resistant algorithms is crucial as quantum computers could potentially break widely used encryption methods. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is in the process of standardizing post-quantum cryptographic algorithms [8].\n",
      "\n",
      "### 3.2 Drug Discovery\n",
      "Quantum computing is poised to revolutionize drug discovery by enabling the simulation of molecular interactions at a quantum level. Companies like Qubit Pharmaceuticals and Cambridge Quantum Computing are actively working on quantum algorithms for drug discovery, promising faster and more accurate predictions [9].\n",
      "\n",
      "### 3.3 Optimization Problems\n",
      "Quantum computers have the potential to solve complex optimization problems more efficiently than classical computers. This has significant implications for industries such as logistics, finance, and manufacturing. Recent advances include the development of quantum algorithms for portfolio optimization and supply chain management [10].\n",
      "\n",
      "## 4. Challenges and Future Directions\n",
      "\n",
      "Despite the rapid progress, several challenges remain in the field of quantum computing. These include improving qubit coherence times, scaling up the number of qubits, and developing robust error correction methods. Future research is likely to focus on hybrid quantum-classical systems, which combine the strengths of both paradigms to tackle complex problems.\n",
      "\n",
      "## Conclusion\n",
      "\n",
      "Quantum computing is advancing at a remarkable pace, with significant developments in hardware, algorithms, and applications. As the field continues to mature, it holds the promise of transforming industries and solving problems that are currently intractable for classical computers. Continued investment in research and development, along with collaboration between academia and industry, will be crucial to realizing the full potential of quantum computing.\n",
      "\n",
      "## References\n",
      "\n",
      "1. IBM Research. (2023). IBM Quantum Roadmap. Retrieved from https://research.ibm.com/quantum-computing/roadmap\n",
      "2. IonQ. (2023). IonQ's Quantum Computing Technology. Retrieved from https://ionq.com/technology\n",
      "3. Xanadu. (2023). Borealis: A Photonic Quantum Computer. Retrieved from https://xanadu.ai/borealis\n",
      "4. PsiQuantum. (2023). Photonic Quantum Computing. Retrieved from https://psiquantum.com/technology\n",
      "5. Biamonte, J., et al. (2023). Quantum Machine Learning. Nature Reviews Physics.\n",
      "6. Fowler, A. G., et al. (2023). Surface Codes: Towards Practical Quantum Computing. Physical Review A.\n",
      "7. Aspuru-Guzik, A., et al. (2023). Quantum Simulation of Chemical Systems. Chemical Reviews.\n",
      "8. NIST. (2023). Post-Quantum Cryptography Standardization. Retrieved from https://csrc.nist.gov/Projects/post-quantum-cryptography\n",
      "9. Qubit Pharmaceuticals. (2023). Quantum Computing in Drug Discovery. Retrieved from https://qubit-pharmaceuticals.com/quantum-computing\n",
      "10. Venturelli, D., et al. (2023). Quantum Optimization Algorithms. Journal of Quantum Information Processing.\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "from praisonaiagents import Agent\n",
    "\n",
    "# User input (for demo, hardcoded; in real use, use input() or widgets)\n",
    "topic = \"Recent advances in quantum computing\"\n",
    "\n",
    "# Use the custom tool\n",
    "tool = DummyDeepResearchTool(topic)\n",
    "dummy_report = tool.research()\n",
    "\n",
    "if not is_valid_key(OPENAI_API_KEY, \"sk\"):\n",
    "    print(\"API key not set or is a placeholder. Using dummy research report for CI/testing.\")\n",
    "    print(dummy_report)\n",
    "else:\n",
    "    prompt = f\"\"\"\n",
    "    You are a domain research assistant. Perform deep research on the following topic and provide a structured, well-cited report:\n",
    "    TOPIC: {topic}\n",
    "    \"\"\"\n",
    "    agent = Agent(\n",
    "        name=\"Domain Deep Research Agent\",\n",
    "        instructions=prompt,\n",
    "        api_key=OPENAI_API_KEY\n",
    "    )\n",
    "    report = agent.start(prompt)\n",
    "    print(report)"
   ]
  }
 ],
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   "display_name": "Python 3",
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  "language_info": {
   "name": "python"
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